This study aims to examine the effects of job-related factors—namely Job Demand, Job Control, and Social Support—on the performance of university lecturers in Hanoi, Vietnam. In the context of growing organizational competition, individual job performance and effective collaboration among staff are critical to overall institutional success. Drawing on the Job Demand-Control and Social Support (JDCS) model, this research explores how these variables influence lecturer performance within Vietnamese higher education institutions. Data were collected through an online survey distributed to lecturers currently employed in Hanoi, yielding 153 valid responses. The collected data were analyzed using AMOS and SPSS software, and the proposed hypotheses were empirically supported. Findings reveal that Job Demand negatively affects lecturer performance, whereas Job Control and Social Support exert positive and significant effects. Moreover, both Job Control and Social Support moderate the relationship between Job Demand and performance. The study provides practical implications for university administrators seeking to enhance lecturer effectiveness.