This study examines how knowledge transfer occurs within technological innovation clusters. It specifically examines how organizations operating in networked environments can improve learning outcomes and benefits, with an emphasis on knowledge management practices. A qualitative research design was adopted, using a case study approach with a cross-sectional perspective and multiple sources of evidence – including semistructured interviews, nonparticipant observation, and the review of documents alongside secondary institutional data. The empirical setting was the Technology Park of São José dos Campos, Brazil, comprising private enterprises, public institutions, universities, and research centers. The findings confirm that knowledge transfer is shaped by a range of elements that may either promote or hinder it, including cooperation, ties with institutions, labor mobility, and spatial proximity. These aspects directly influence both the competitiveness and overall performance of organizations within the cluster. The results point to mechanisms that extend knowledge beyond organizational and geographic boundaries through collaborative, dynamic arrangements. This supports the notion that clusters should be viewed as evolving systems in which interactions generate enhanced collective capabilities. This research advances knowledge management studies in networked contexts, particularly technological innovation clusters, by structuring and emphasizing both the enabling and constraining factors in knowledge transfer processes. The study offers relevant insights for managers and stakeholders responsible for governing such organizational systems, especially regarding how to enhance knowledge creation and its dissemination across firms, educational institutions, governmental bodies, and other organizations.
