This study investigates the relationship between Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM) and employees’ intentions to engage in environmentally responsible behaviors. Drawing on data collected from 380 employees in Vietnam, a developing economy, the study employs SmartPLS to analyze the proposed research model. The findings reveal that Green HRM significantly and positively influences employees’ green behavioral intentions. In addition, the results demonstrate that individual green values moderate this relationship, while Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) serves as a mediating mechanism. These findings provide valuable insights for organizations aiming to strengthen environmental sustainability through the strategic implementation of HRM practices. Moreover, the study highlights the critical role of CSR in fostering socially responsible practices and improving organizational performance within the distinctive Vietnamese business context. Overall, the research emphasizes the essential role of HRM in guiding organizations toward greater environmental sustainability and social responsibility, particularly in emerging economies such as Vietnam.