This research explores the role of perceived organizational support (POS) in shaping middle managers’ behaviors by signaling that the organization values their well-being, thereby encouraging contributions to organizational performance. The study further examines whether psychological capital mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among middle managers at Nusakambangan Correctional Institutions, Indonesia. Data were collected from 76 middle managers and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that POS has a significant positive effect on both psychological capital and OCB, and that psychological capital also significantly predicts OCB. In addition, psychological capital was found to partially mediate the link between POS and OCB. Given the high-pressure and unpredictable environment of correctional institutions, ensuring that middle managers and their teams trust organizational processes is essential for operational effectiveness. The study emphasizes psychological capital as a key resource that enhances managers’ mental resilience and supports proactive citizenship behaviors in demanding organizational contexts.
